Paroxysmal choreoathetosis(dyskinesia) is classified into two subtypes: paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis(PKC) and paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis(PDC). PDC consist of attacks of dystonia and/or choreoathetosis during which the patients
are
dysarthric or anarthric, have irregular clonic movement and dystonic posturing of extremities, and these not precipiated by sudden movement but rather by alcohol, coffee and stress. Attacks are longer(2 minutes -4 hours), but less frequently(3-4
times/day) than RKC, they are not responsive to anticonvulsants(eg, phenytoin carbamazepine) but controlled by clonazepam.
This disease is rare, in the reported families, the transmission was clearly autosomal dominant with high penetrance.
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